Hey.

My question is, does the winner of the battle always get loot? For example if someone tries to attack a city and looses does the defender of the city (aka. the winner) get to choose something from the attacker? Resource, culture tokens or trading points?

Yes. It is always the winning side that gets loot no matter which side was the attacker. Thematically, if the attacker wins: spoils of war and if the defender wins: reparations.

Thanks for the reply! But what do you mean with reparations? so, he cant choose a resource from the looser?

That's just an equivalent from the real world I used for thematic purposes and has nothing to do with the actual game rules. In the real world history, when a city-state successfully defeated an attacker they would demand ransoms for the safe return of officers and such from the defeated attacking force. Amongst other things, those ransoms went towards rebuilding (a.k.a. repairing) the damages dealt by the attacking part. Hence the word reparations.