My party just finished a mission I had set on the Tyranid-besieged world of Castobel and during the mission one of the characters started to analyze the possible future the world. An interesting question came up, which I could not answer at the moment, but then again I didn't need to since the characters did not have access to that information at that moment: How is Castobel supplied food-wise?
There is really two options:
1) Castobel was net food importing world, receiving supplies from other worlds untill the Tyranids cut the transit lines.
2) Castobel is capable of producing its own food somehow.
Now I think this is very interesting question for the future of the campaign as it affects hugely on which kind of solution to Castobel siege is most expedient for the Imperium. As the world itself is almost lifeless and all biomass is inside the Hives the Tyranids are losing energy and mass by sieging the Castobel unless they can break into the Hives.
If Castobel is dependant on imported food the most expedient solution (even though ultimately very cold-hearted) is to leave the place alone to starve and waste no resources on it, letting Nids starve themselves slowly there.
If, on the other hand, Castobel has huge food production facilities hidden somewhere, then the Tyranids might actually gain a net biomass increase by conquering it, further strenghtening the Hive fleet Dagon... In this case Imperium has two choices: Defend the world or use Exterminatus right away.
What do you think?