Tau septs seem to works as 'cells' in a way, espousing a common ideology (enforceable via the caste system - a feudal system would allow too much individual interpretations of the core 'facts' of society). The collectivist social structure of the Tau actually could work wonders for the distributed leadership model of the Imperium, and with there being no speedy communication or travel options for them, local defence is likely to be far superior. Not only that, but so far we have no confirmation as to how the tau raise armies. One would assume that their methods of raising fleets and armies are, to their own population, much less damaging to local infrastructure, moral and manpower than Imperial tithes.
Not to say the little blue freaks are 'good', they are damnable Xenos after all. But they have no expectations of salvation should they be attacked, fostering a localised 'co-operative' of defence rarely seen outside of Imperial 'vassal' empires such as Ultramar. A secondary effect of their slower-than-thou warp drive is predictability. If help IS coming, they know to a good degree of accuracy when.
The double whammy of technology and reliable intelligence on the distribution of their own forces makes them a far bigger threat locally, than as an entire empire, and this is likely the game plan. Acting like the Imperium, and painting the galaxy in broad strokes is too crude for the Tau (atleast at present). Instead, in their own way, they build up local interests, local force distributions and local 'human/xeno' interest campaigns in both diplomatic and media environments, playing to their strengths and avoiding the problems that come with galactic logistics and centralisation.
Hate the Xenos, but know his ways.