In the Talents chapter, there's a table which seems to break down what each Peer group applies to - for example, it says that Peer (Underworld) would apply to the underworld of a single planet or to a single criminal organisation. What's the intent of this table? Because I'm fairly sure that before Ascension, Peer etc Talents weren't further broken down that way.

Do the Peer etc Talents that appear on Ascended Career Paths' Advance Schemes have to be specified like in the table?

Do Peer etc Talents that characters already acquired from earlier in their Careers now have to be specified, as well?

Personally, I'd have that depend on the campaign you're playing. If you spend a lot of time planet-hopping, specifying a peer talent in this way makes it worthless. If, however, the campaign mainly takes place on one or two planets, restricting the peerage like that makes it a little more believable while not diminishing its value too much.