I am confused about the amount of damage throws do.
Let me use a fake throw as an example:

Let's say it is a mid throw that does 8 damage.

Unblocked it does full: 8 damage
Blocked with a mid block (successfully): 4 damage
Blocked with a non-mid block (successfully): 6 damage

Is this correct?

Ok this is how throws work in a nutshell even if it's blocked it deals half damage no matter what.

hope this helps ok?

The "Throw Effect" says it still deals half damage if completely blocked.

A partially blocked attack deals half damage.

In other words, it's the same thing.

An 8 damage mid throw, if blocked high, will deal 4 damage. If blocked mid, it will still deal 4 damage.