I think the current process is fine. It restores the game state to what it would be if everything was done correctly. I'm pretty sure that in the overwhelming majority of cases rolling the wrong number of dice is simply an accident. If you think someone is doing it deliberately, refer it to a judge, as you would for other forms of cheating.
Saying that giving the opponent the choice of allowing the result to stand or forcing the dice to be rolled correctly "protects newer players from experienced players" seems bizarre to me. The players who are mostly likely to roll the incorrect number of dice are new players who forget unusual changes in dice numbers, like Weapons Failure, S-Foils, or pilot abilities, or who don't know what their opponent's list or upgrades do, e.g. Wedge, Outmaneuver or Intimidation. This then gives the more experienced player the choice of whether the result stands or not, allowing them to punish the new player for the error, and giving them an incentive to not actually explain what their list does or rush over what upgrades they have in the hope that the other player will forget. One could also make the argument that in the case of abilities like Wedge, it's the attacker's responsibility to point them out as much as the defender's, so the defender shouldn't be punished for not remembering them.
Another thing that strikes about both this thread and the previous one is that the alleged cheating which needs to be addressed seems to be largely theoretical. It's either "My opponent rolled too many dice by accident, but they rolled all blanks and then I felt bad when they had to roll again because I got excited for a moment" or "It is possible that this kind of cheating could occur, but I haven't actually witnessed it". Is it worth penalising one player for the large majority of cases which are honest mistakes to protect against some hypothetical amount of deliberate cheating which may or may not occur? Perhaps it would be beneficial by encouraging people to be more careful? (But of course this would also lead to slower pace of play, which people also complain about...)