The FAQ clarifies that the Willpower check vs temporary insanity is against 0D.
What about the Discipline check made monthly to recover from permanent? The text says you have set backs with banes. You won't get banes unless you're rolling challenge or misfortune dice (or being reckless which you're normally not outside encounters). You have to make as many as the severity, is the severity also the difficulty number - that would explain how you can get banes.
Rob