Taking what I call "The Ezra Effect", so named for the character in Star Wars: Rebels , this is designed to allow players to spend XP during the session instead of only afterwards.
For those unaware, in the Rebels cartoon, Ezra is training to be a Jedi. In many episodes of season 1, he learns how to use the Force in a new way during the episode. It's not something that happens between episodes when players would normally be spending their XP.
Since watching Rebels , I've wanted to run a similar story where one or more PCs start with less XP than the others, and their deficit is XP-in-waiting: used to discover a trick, ability or power during play. For that, I came up with this rule:
Untapped Potential
Once each session, a player may spend one Story Point to spend XP on a skill rank or talent. The expenditure must be related to what is happening immediately: if the player is involved in a social encounter they cannot spend the XP on the parry talent, but if they are being attacked in melee that talent is fair game!
The idea is that once per session, each PC can improve their odds of doing—or avoiding—something at an important moment. Only skills and talents directly related to the task at hand can be taken. If it'll make things easier on the PC do it. If it won't change what's happening in the moment, it's a no-go.