i knw this question may have been answered somewhere in the forum...but too lazy to search through every page for it

for e.g.

Action: corrupt this unit to deal 1 damage to target attacking or defending unit.

so if the targeted unit has toughness 1, the damage will be cancelled?

from what i understand, toughness cancels damage assigned to that unit..so, if its damage dealt( as in deal damage to unit, not assign damage like in the battlefield phase) , the toughness still kicks in? Is dealing damage(outside combat) the same as assigning damage?

Yep, actually only APPLYING damage is something more serious but damage dealt is cancelled by toughness.

EDIT: also if you "move damage" (i.e. Valkya in Chaos), you can bypass toughness. Furthermore, decreasing hit points of a unit with toughness also bypasses this keyword.

oh ok, i get it..uncancellable damage, movable damage and HP deduction can bypass toughness.

so, dealing damage (outside of combat) is considered as assigning damage,right? btw,is redirected damage the same as movable damage?

redirected is redirecteing assigned damage not aplliyed damage.
only moving bypass toughness

ok got it. thank you.

All damage that is dealt is assigned and applied whether it is combat damage or non-combat damage. The difference is whether or not there is an action phase between the assigned damage and the applying of said damage or it is applied immediately after it has been assigned. Toughness cancels any damage during the apply damage step so the only way around toughness is not to do damage (effects that say sacrifice, destroy, or lower a units HP) or which place damage on the unit without going through the assigning or applying steps (moving damage). Redirecting damage is, to the best of my knowledge, only done with assigned damage ("redirect the first damage assigned..." etc.) which of course means it is still going to need to be applied with the other damage dealt in that step.