Well I'll be honest in Star Trek I always took cloaking as a method of avoiding all attack. Unless someone is actively trying to find um.
So more like WW2 u boat hunting is my method of dealing with it. So the accuracy results would force the ship to effectively surface, or be crushed like a tin can underwater.
So that's my kind of approch to the mechanic. I remember hearing that star trek combat was meant to feel more like sub combat.
I like some of the other ideas too. In the end the mechanical properties of such an ability will depend heavily on the ships that can take it