Can XX-23 S-Thread Tracers grant a Target lock on a ship in range 3 or closer that has Long-Range Scanners?

Rang 3, yes. Range 1 and 2, no. Card effects always override core rules, but when card effects conflict, can't always supersedes can (so that you can't dodge a negative effect).

This is essentially the same as how a manoeuvre that is being made green by one effect and red by another will always be red (the worse one), but Nien Numb (crew) can make a naturally red straight green.

Long Range Scanners, however, are not barred from locking on at range 3, though – just 1 and 2.