Keith Ryan Kappel, in a interview on d20radio.com, said the following when asked "Can you take us through the general process you use when approaching a species assignment?": "Sure! While this is no means the official FFG way to do things, this is the basic process I’ve been using for the stat blocks. First, there are really only two considerations when creating a species. First, that you create something that is balanced within the system when compared to other species, and second, that you evoke the core experience of what it means to be a (heroic) example of that species. So for me, I start with humans, which are kind of the baseline average for everything. So an ability score of 2, wound and strain thresholds of 10, starting XP of 110, and two single ranks in non-career skills. So the first thing I do, is cash in the special qualities for XP. Buying a single rank in a non-career skill costs 10 XP. The human gets to do this twice. So basically, I get 130 XP to play with.
Next, I increase one stat that is most important to that species, and decrease one stat that is least important. In rare, rare cases, I might decrease 2 stats to increase one twice, or swap two sets of stats. So my stat pools are always (2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2), (3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2), (3, 3, 1, 1, 2, 2), or (4, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2). I suppose, theoretically, we could also do a (4, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1). Note that any time that 4 shows up, it does represent a slight imbalance. To make up for a 3 or 4, I’ll usually subtract more XP from the pool. My next move is the deal with the thresholds. If they stay at 10 + attribute, then no worries. But if I feel it’s warranted, I can slide the value up or down. I XP charge for these (positively or negatively) just like I would with skills. (cost 5 to move from 10 to 11, or gain 5 XP to move from 10 to 9, etc). I tend to avoid doing this too often, unless the species lore makes it seem necessary.
Finally, I deal with the special qualities. Most species in FFG Star Wars only have two special qualities, so I spend some time researching to find out what biological or cultural distinctions from humans are most important to call out mechanically. This tends to be the trickiest part. What I will usually do, is try and find a precedent in a specialization talent tree that does something equivalent, and see how much that talent costs. I think write up the quality and subtract that much XP from the starting pool. Whatever XP I have left (typically between 90 and 110) is what stays in that starting XP amount. I’m also a big fan of the negative qualities, I think I gave the Dressellians the primitive one, where you have to spend XP to remove it. In these cases, that extra XP is usually still in that starting pool.
As far as how I approach the lore aspects of creating a species, it really just comes with a lot of research. I’m pretty familiar with the various species of the Star Wars galaxy, but even so, I put a lot of time into assembling a research list and trying to extract every bit of information I can. From there, it’s a matter of researching some actual science and doing some thought experiments. The Dressellians’ prune faces were explained as camouflage for tree bark, for example, a new piece of information that makes a kind of evolutionary sense and gave me a reason to talk more about their homeworld, and how important those trees were to their culture and early survival.
My goals when I’m doing a species write up aren’t just to summarize a Wookieepedia article while adding a few new tidbits, however. I want to provide both GMs and players with the right kind of information, the stuff that helps them play that character as something other than “basically acts human with different starting stats.” I want to equip them with the information to make those PCs seem both biologically and culturally very different from others in the party. As such, I tend to focus and explore the things that make that species alien, and quickly gloss over the things about them that are more similar to humans. I’m also trying to create adventure seeds or hooks for GMs in everything I write, especially when I talk about a planet."
He also continued: "There is nothing official, at all. The process I outlined above is what I used to come up with the species for Stay on Target, but balance is ultimately achieved through rigorous playtesting, feedback, and tweaking."
He finished the interview by saying: "I think the main thing is not to lose the story factors for the stat block. This is a really narrative game, and you want to make sure that a player using that species isn’t treating them as an alien looking human with a different stat block. Equip your player with the tools to play that species at the table. Make sure they understand what their homeworld is like. Even speaking in broad generalizations, they should know culturally what that species is like. How will they behave in certain, common situations to adventuring? Their backgrounds, motivations, and duties might require some tweaking to make it more appropriate to that species. Also, note that you don’t have to play the stereotypical example of that species. Do something atypical, these are adventurers. But, make sure that you take a moment to think about what being atypical means for that character, how they might have been treated on their homeworld, what it might have done to shape their personality, and what it means for their history and how they behave now. You don’t have to play the typical example, but you need to be informed of what that is. If that player likes to do voices at the table, try and give them a description, or even better, an audio clip of that species from one of the movies, cartoons, or video games.
You can tell what’s important in any piece of writing by how much word count goes into it. Note that in any species block, the background material is much, much longer than the stat block. That should tell you how important that kind of information is supposed to be."
