EDIT : FFG has issued a ruling on this, which is provided here .
I submitted this question to FFG probably a month ago now, but never got a response back. So I'll pose it to you all, and I apologize for the vagueness, I don't have the cards in front of me at the moment.
"Cleave" is a keyword found on many melee weapons, and its behavior is fairly well defined in that context: the extra damage can only be applied to a figure that the attacker could have attacked (so it must be adjacent, or within 1 space if the attacker has Reach).
However, Gaarkhan has an XP upgrade that gives him access to Cleave without a dependency on any particular weapon. Rebels are also permitted to bring more than one weapon on a mission, and although Gaarkhan starts with a melee weapon, I don't see any rule that says he can't use ranged weapons.
So what happens when he makes a ranged attack and uses the Cleave upgrade from his XP card? The rules for Cleave never specify that it only works for melee attacks, so as-written, it seems like he could Cleave onto any figure he "could target for an attack", which means anyone in his line of sight, at any range. For example, he could shoot someone at short range (assuming he passes the range check on the dice roll and inflicts at least 1 damage), and then put the Cleave damage on another figure 10 spaces away, without any additional range check.
You could even argue that the wording of Cleave ("a different hostile figure or object that he could target for an attack") doesn't even necessarily say that it has to be with the same weapon. So if Gaarkhan is carrying both a melee and a ranged weapon, he could make a melee attack and then Cleave onto a figure at extreme range, since his second (ranged) weapon makes that figure valid to "target for an attack".
That seems ridiculous, but I can't see any rule that forbids it. Thoughts?
Edited by taleden