So, back on topic!!
Personally, my requirements for a bare-minimum Padawan are pretty straight-forward; Force Rating 2, at least one rank of Lightsaber, Discipline, and at least one Knowledge skill (typically Lore for a traditionally trained Jedi). On top of that, at least the base power for Enhance, Sense, and Move. This isn't meant to be a "Movie-style Jedi Knight." It's just what I feel any Padawan should have. This bare minimum can be achieved with a huge variety of builds as well.
About a year and a half ago, I built a character (Kuroth Boone) meant to become a Padawan for a friend's campaign I was able to hit my minimum requirement with 160 XP total on talents and skills. 70 XP invested into Seer (Uncanny Reactions, Keen Eyed, Grit, Sense Advantage, Force Rating), 30 XP to buy Soresu Defender, 25 to get Parry and Reflect in Soresu (Parry, Soresu Technique, and Reflect). As for starting skills, as a Pau'an character, I started with Negotiation. I chose Charm, Perception, and Vigilance for Mystic, Discipline, and Knowledge (Lore) for Seer, and I spent 5 XP to get a single rank of Lightsaber after buying Soresu Defender. Finally I threw in 10 XP for Enhance's base, 10 XP for Move, and 10 XP for Sense.
Naturally, this left a ton of room for Kuroth Boone to grow, and he wasn't super powerful at the start of the campaign (relative to the other players, who had all spent their XP in more efficient ways), but playing the character did still feel very much like playing a real Jedi developing their skills. My character was especially behind the other players in the beginning, as I had decided to try spending my racial XP almost exclusively on talents instead of on increasing attributes (mostly. I did put 20 XP toward bumping Brawn from a 1 to a 2, though). With the character's starting 105 racial XP, I bought to FR 2 in Seer and spent the 15 XP to get Enhance and the Control upgrade for Resilience. However, after a handful of games, my character had pretty much caught up to the rest of the party, with the Force powers giving me a great variety of options for the two Force dice my character started with. On top of the 160 XP I listed above, I also gave him 15 XP more in Enhance to allow him to commit two Force dice toward Brawn, which greatly helped in combat encounters (One yellow and three green in my Lightsaber checks, and a Soak of 6, were about on par with most of the rest of the party in combat. We weren't very specialized for battle.). I put 25 XP into Move for a Strength upgrade, a Range upgrade, and the Hurl upgrade, letting him use it combatively. And finally, I put 20 XP into Influence to gain access to the Jedi Mind Trick.
All told, I spent about 245 XP (105 starting, 140 earned over the course of five 6-hour sessions) on this character before the campaign was brought to an early end due to scheduling conflicts. At the time, my character was built as follows:
Attributes: Brawn 2/4, Agility 2, Intellect 2, Cunning 2, Willpower 3, Presence 2
Wound: 14 Strain: 12 Soak: 4/6 Force Rating: 2
Skills: Charm 1, Discipline 1, Knowledge (Lore) 1, Lightsaber 1, Negotiation 1, Perception 1, Vigilance 1
Force Rating 1, Grit 1, Keen Eyed 1, Parry 1, Reflect 1, Sense Advantage, Soresu Technique, Uncanny Reactions 1
Enhance: Base, Resilience, Brawl, Brawn
Influence: Base, Mind Trick
Move: Base, Strength, Range, Hurl
Sense: Base
Comparing this build to, say, the stats for Ezra Bridger from Dawn of Rebellion, Kuroth Boone is actually fairly close to the Jedi Padawan. They both have FR 2, both at Discipline 1 with Willpower 3, and both have a tiny bit in Enhance, Influence, Move, and Sense. With Boone's upgrades in Enhance, Kuroth Boone is statistically close to Ezra (he can get his Brawn to a 4, while Ezra has a 3 in Agility and Cunning), though Ezra has more skills available to him, and a couple more Force powers (Foresee and Animal Empathy). You could say Kuroth Boone is pretty much a starting-level Padawan, while Ezra is a fairly experienced one, but they're both fairly close to one another.
Had the campaign continued long enough, it wouldn't have taken much more XP for my character to reach what I would consider average for a Jedi Knight. 20 XP in Enhance for Force Jump horizontal and vertical, 10 XP in Sense for the first Commit upgrade, 70 XP in Seer for The Force Is My Ally, Natural Mystic, and another rank of Force Rating, and 40-85 XP in Soresu Defender for another rank of Parry, Improved Parry, one or two ranks of Reflect, and possibly Improved Reflect. Throw in another 20 XP for a second rank in Discipline and Lightsaber to top it off. So to hit what I would consider an average entry-level Jedi Knight, I would need to spend a total of 450 XP (105 starting, 345 earned).